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  Bilge kagan’s Memorial Complex, The
Definition Texts Pictures Copies Sizes
The Bilge Kagan inscription. Face.
1

Teŋіriteg : Тeŋiri : yaratmïš : Türük : Bilge : qaγan : sabїm : aqanїm : Türük : Bil/ge : qaγan : bödüke : olurtum : /anta : їmtї : al… tїsї er : Toquz Oγuz : eki Ediz ker külüg : begleri budunї : ......Türük : Тeŋiri : ...

I Tengri-like and Tengri born in Turkic Kagan, mounted the throne. All of you, my close people…, Nine Oguzes, Two Edizes, valorous lords (beks), my nation … Turkic Tengri … hear my words…
2

üze : : qaγan : olurtum : olurtuqїma : ölütečiči : saqїnїγma : Türük : begler : budun : egirip : sebinip : tostamїš : közi : jügürü : körti : bödüke : özüm olurup : bunča : aγïr törüg : törüt buluŋdaqï : budunїγ : ..itdim : Őze : kök : Teŋіri : (asïra : yaγïz : Jer : qïlïntaquda : ekin ara : kisi : oγulï : qïlïnmïs :

When I ruled, being a kagan, Turkic lords (beks) and people warshipped me, loved me and raised their eyes up. Being a kagan I beard the hard burden of responsibility. People from all four parts made… When the blue Tengri upward and the brown Earth bellow appeared, the human being was created among them.
3

kisi : oγulïnta : öze : ečüm apam : Bumïn qaγan : Estemi qaγan : olurmïš : olurupan : Türük : budunïŋ : Elin : törüsіn : tuta bermis : iti bermis : törüt : buluŋ : qop : yaγï ermis : sü sülepen : törüt : buluŋdaqï : budunïγ : (qop almïš : qop baz qïlmïs : )bašlïγïγ : jüküntürmüs : tizеligig : (sökürmüs : ilgerü : Qadïrqan : Jïšqa tegi : keri)

My ancestors Bumyn kagan and Istemi kagan were above these human beings. They ruled the nation by Turkic laws, they developed them. In battles they subdued the nations of all four sides of the world and suppressed them. They made those who had heads bow their heads, and who had knees genuflect them! In the east up to Kadyrkhan common people,
4

Temir qapïγqa : tegi : qonturmus : ekin ara : ïdï oqsuz : Kök Türük : iti anča : olurur ermis : bilge : qaγan ermis : alïp qaγan ermis : bujruqï : bilge ermis erinč : alïp ermis erinč : begleri jeme : budunï (jeme : tüz ermis : anï ) üčün : Еlig : anča tutmus : erinč : Еlig tutup : (Тörüg : etmis : üze anča : kergek : bolmus : )

In the west up to the Iron Gate conquered. Blue Turks moved without the rules. These kagans were wise. These kagans were great. Their servants were wise and great too. Beks were honest and direct with people. They ruled the nation this way. This way they held away over them. They died.
5

yoγučï : sïγïtčï : öŋre : kün : toγusïqda : Böküli : Čölüg el : Tabγač : Tüpüt : Apar Purum : (Q)ïrqïz : ÜčQurïqan : OtuzTatar : Qïtaň : Tatabï : bunča : budun : kelipen : sïγïtamïs : yoγulamïs : antïγ : külüg : qaγan ermis : (anta kisre : inisi : ) qaγan : ( bolmis erinč : )oγulï atï : qaγan : bolmis erinč : (anta kisre : inisi : ečisin teg : )

The ambassadors from Boklii Cholii, Tabgach-China, Tibet, Avar, Rome, Kyrgiz, Uch-Kurykan, Otuz-Tatars, Kytans, Tatabs came to the funerals, so many people came to mourn over the great kagan. He was a famous kagan! After him his younger brother became a kagan. Then his son. But his younger brother was not like the elder brother.
6

qïlïnmadïq erinč : oγulï : аqaŋïn teg : qïlïnmadïq erinč : bilgesiz : qaγan : olurmïs erinč : yablaq : qaγan : olurmïs erinč : bujruqï : jeme : bilgesiz ermiš erinč : yablaq ermis erinč : begleri : budunï : tüzsüz üčün : Tabγač budun : teblegin : körlü(üčün : armaqčïsïn : ) üčün : inili : (ečili : kеksürtükin : üčün : begli : budunlïγ : )

And the son did not take after his father. They were unintelligent and wild. The servants were ignorant and wild too. Beks and common people were dishonest. Yielded to Chinese people, deceived fathers and children became enemies. Beks and common people rose against each other.
7

yoŋušurtuqïn : üčün Türük : budun : elledik : Еlin : ïčγanu : ïdmïs : qaγanladïq : qaγanïn : jetіrü : ïdmïs : Tabγač budunqa : beglik : urï oγulïn : qul qïltï : silik qïz oγulïn : küŋ qïltï : Türük : begler : Türük : atïn : ïtï : Tabγačγï : begler : Tabγač : (atïn : tutupan : Tabγač : qaγanqa : körmüs : elig jïl : )

The unity of Turkic people had broken. They rose against their kagans. The Chinese made slaves your noble sons, and slaves you beautiful daughters. Turkic beks refused from their titles and admitted Chinese titles. So they served Chinese kagan.
8

isig küčüg : bermis : ilgerü : kün toγusïqda : Böküli : qaγanqa : tegi : sülüjü : bermis : qurïγaru : Temir : qapïγqa : tegi : sülüjü : bermis : Tabγač : qaγanqa : Еlin : törüsin : alï bermis : Türük : qara : qamïγ : budun : anča temis : Еllig : budun (ertim : Еlim : ïmtï qanï : kemke : Еlig : qazγanurman : tеr ermis : )

They served fifty years. They fought in the east up to Bokli kagan, in the west up to the Iron Gate. Everything was for the sake of Chinese kagan. The common people said then: “I had a state, where is it now? Which country do I serve ?
9

qaγanlïγ : budun : ertim : qaγanïm : qanï : ne qaγanqa : isig küčüg : berürmen : tir ermiš : anča tep : Tabγač qaγanqa : yaγï bolmïs : yaγï bolïp : etіnü : yаrаtunu : umаdïq : yana : ičіkmis : bunča : isig küčüg : bertükerü : saqïnmаtï : Türük : budun : ölürüjen : urïγsaratïyan : ter ermis : yuqadu : barïr : ermis : öze :

I had a ruler, where is he now? Which kagan do I serve?” They could not continue their generation. Turkic people began to degenerate. Then
10

Türük : Teŋrisi : Türük : ÏduqJeri : subï : ančatemiserinč : : Türük : budun : yoq : bolmazun : tejin : budun : bolčun : tejin : аqanïm : Elterisqaγanïγ : ögüm : Elbilgeqatunïγ : Teŋіri : töpesinte : tutup : jügürü : kötürtü erinč : aqanïm qaγan : jeti jegirmi : erin : tašqïmïs (tašra : yoruyor : tejin : üküеsidіp : balïqdaqï : taγïqmïs : taγdaqï : )

Tengri of Turks, Turks sacred Earth and water told: “let the Turkic people not degenerate, let them be the state again”. They mounted my father, El-Teris kagan, and my mother El-Bilge katun to the throne to be above them. My father, kagan, gathered seventeen brave beks (lords). Having heard that they went on campaign, those, who were in towns went out to the field, those, who were in mountains, went down
11

inmis : tirilip : jetmis er : bolmïs : Teŋіri : küč : bertük : üčün : аqanïm qaγan : süsi : böri teg : ermiš : yaγïsï : qoň teg : ermiš : ilgerü : qurïγaru : sülep : tеrmiš : qubartmïš : qamïγï : jeti jüz er : bolmïs : jeti jüz er : bolïp : (elsiremis : qaγansïramïš : budunïγ : küŋdemis : quldamïš : budunïγ : Türük : törüsün : ïčγanmïš : )

So seventy brave worries gathered together. Tengri gave them the strength, my father’s, kagan’s, soldiers were like wolves, and their enemies like sheep. Seven hundred soldiers gathered while fighting towards east and west. When they were seven hundred he brought into the order and taught the people who had lost their state and their kagan. He brought into the order and edified on the rules of my ancestors the people , who became slaves and bondwomen, who abolished Turkic institutions.
12

budunïγ : ečüm аpam : törüsünče : yarаtmïš : bušγurmïš : Töles : Tarduš : budunïγ : anta itmis : Jabγuγ : Šadïγ : anta bermiš : berіje : Tabγač : budun : yaγï : ermiš : jïrïya : Baz qaγan : Toquz : Oγuzbudun : yaγï : ermis : (Qïrγïz : Qurïqan : OtuzTatar : Qïtaň : Tatabï : qop : yaγï : ermis : аqanïm : qaγan : bunča : ...qïrïq : artuqï : )

Then he gave people Tolis and Tardush states. And gave them two rulers, a yabgu and a šad. Chinese people were our enemy in south, Tokuz-Oguz people in north with Baz Kagan on head were our enemies too. The Kirgiz, Quriqan, Otuz-Tatar, Qitaŋ and Tatabi – they all were hostile to us. My father, the kagan, was on campaigns forty-seven times
13

jeti : yolï : sülemiš : jegirmi : süŋüš : süŋüsmiš : Teŋіri : yarïlqaduq üčün : elligig : elsіretmiš : qaγanlïγïγ : qaγansïratmïš : yaγïγ : baz qïlmïs : tizelіgig : sükürmiš : bašlïγïγ : jüküntümiš : qaŋïm : (qaγan ... törüg : qаzγanïp : uča : barmïs : )аqaŋïm : (qaγanqa : bašlayu : Baz qaγanïγ : balbal : tikmis : ...)

and engaged in twenty battles. By the grace of Tengri, he took the realm of those who had had a realm, and captured the kagan of those who had a kagan; he subjugated enemies. He made powerful enemies kneel and proud ones to bow. My father, the kagan, after he had founded (such a great) empire and gained power, passed away (lit.: 'went flying'). Balbals for my father, the kagan, were first erected from Baz Kagan's balbals. When my father died
14

qaγan : učduqda : özüm : sekiz yašda : qaldïm : ol törüde : üze : ečüm qaγan : olurtï : olurupan : Türük : budunïγ : ječe : itdim : ječe : igti : čïγaŋïγ : bayqïltï : azïγ üküš : qïltï : ečüm qaγan : olurtïqda : özüm : tegin : /eriklig ...Teŋiri : yarïlqadï : ermiš erinč :

I was eight years old. My uncle succeeded to the throne then. My uncle, the kagan, organized and nourished Turkish people anew. He made poor people rich and few people numerous. When my uncle was a kagan I was …tegin… Tengri blessed us.
15

törüt : yegirmi : yašïmqa : Tarduš : budun : öze : šad olurtum : ečüm qaγan : birle : ilgerü : Yašïl ügüz : Šantuŋ : yazïqa tegi : süledimiz : qurïγaru : Temir : qapïγqa : tegi : süledimiz : Kögmen : аša : Qï/rqïz : jeriŋe : tegi : /süledimiz : /qamïγï : beš otuz : süledimiz : üč jegirmi : süŋüšdimiz : Еlligig : elsiretdimiz : qaγanlïγïγ : qaγansïratdïmïz : tizеligig :

When I was fourteen I became a šad over Tardush people. Together with my uncle, the kagan, we went on campaigns eastwards up to Green River (= Yellow River) and Shantung plain, and we went on campaigns westwards up to the Iron Gate, We went on campaigns up to the land of Kirgiz beyond the Kogmen (mountains). We went on campaigns twenty-five times in all and we fought thirteen times. We took the realm of those who had a realm, and we captured the kagan of those who had a kagan. We made
16

sökürtimiz : bašlïγïγ : jöküntürtimiz : Türügeš : qaγan : Türüküm : budunïm : erti : bilmedikin : üčün : bizіŋe : yaŋïltïqïn : yazïntïqïn : üčün : qaγanï : ölti : buyruqï : begleri : jeme : ölti : On oq : budun : emgek : körtü : Ečü (müz : apamïz : tutmïs : Jer subidsiz : bolmazun : tejin : az budunïγ : ïtï : jar ...)bars beg :

powerful enemies kneel and proud ones to bow. The Turgesh kagan (and his people) was our Turk. Because of their unawareness and foolishness, for their being traitorous, their kagan had died; his buyruqs and lords, had died too. The On-Oq people suffered a great deal. In order the land (lit.: 'earth and water'), which was ruled by our ancestors, not to be left without a ruler, we organized Az people and put them into the order.... was Barys bek.
17

erti : qaγan atïγ : bunta : biz bertimiz : siŋilim : qunčuyum : bertimiz : üze yazïntï : qaγanï : ölti : budunï : küŋ qul : boltï : Kögmen : Jer sub : idsiz : qalmazun tejin : az Qïrqïz : budunïγ : anča : jaratïp : keltimiz : ...ilgerü : Qadïrqan : Jïšïγ : aša : budunïγ : anča : qonturtïmïz : anča : itdimiz : qurïγaru :

It was we, who had given him the title of kagan. We had also given him my younger sister, the princess, in marriage. But, he betrayed (us). (As a result) the kagan was killed and people became slaves and servants. In order the Kogman land would not remain without a ruler, we organized the Az and Kirgiz peoples, and then we came back and fought. We gave (them) back.... Eastwards to the Khingan mountains westwards to
18

KeŋüTarbanqa : tegi : Türük : budunïγ : anča qonturtïmïz : anča іtedimiz : ol ödke : qul : qullïγ : bolmïs küŋ : küŋlig : bolmïš : erti : inisi : ečisin : bilmez : erti : oγulï : аqaŋïn : bilmez : erti : anča : qazγanmïš : anča : etmis : Еlіmiz : /törümіz : erti : Türük : Oγïz : begleri : / budun : esidiŋ : üze Teŋіri : basmasar : asra Jer : tilinmeser :

Kaŋu Tarman we thus settled Turkish people. At that time our slaves themselves had slaves (and servants themselves had servants. Younger brothers did not acknowledge their elder brothers, and sons did not acknowledge their fathers). We had such an acquired and organized state and power. You, Turkish and Oguz lords and peoples, hear this! If the sky above did not collapse, and if the earth below did not go away,
19

Türük : budun : Еliniŋ : törügün : kim : artatï : udаčï erti : Türük : budun : ertіz : ökün : körügüŋin : üčün : igidmiš : qaγaŋïn : ermiš : barmïš : edgü Еliŋе : kentü yaŋïltïγ : yablaq : kegürteg : yarаqlïγ : qantan : kelіp : yayaеltedi : süŋgülüg : qandan : kelіp : süre еltedi : /Ïd/uq Ö/tüken : / Jïš budun : bardïq : ilgerü : (barïγma ) bardïγ : qurïγaru :

what could destroy your state and power? О Turkish people, regret and repent! Because of your unruliness, you yourselves betrayed your wise kagan, who had (always) supported you. And you yourselves betrayed your good realm, which was free and independent. And you (yourselves) caused discord. Where did the armed (people) come from and dispersed you? Where did the lancer come from and carried you away? You, people of sacred Otukan mountains, it was you, who went away. Those (of you), who meant to go to east went to east, and those (of you), who meant to go to west went to west.
20

barïγma : bardïγ : bardïq : jerde : edgüg : ol erinč : qanïŋ : ügüzče : jügürti : söŋüküg : taγča : yatdï : beglik : urï oγulïŋ : qul qïltïγ : silik qïz oγulïŋ : küŋ qïltïγ : ol bilmedük üčün : yablaqïŋïn : üčün : ečüm qaγan : uča bardï : bašlayu : Qïrqïz qaγanïγ : (balbal : tikdim : )Türük : budunïγ : atï küsü : yoq bolmazun : tijin : aqaŋïm qaγanïγ :

In places you went away, your (only) profit was the following: your blood ran like a river, and your bones were heaped up like a mountain; your sons worthy of becoming lords became slaves, and your daughters worthy of becoming ladies became servants. Because of your unawareness and because of your mischievousness, my uncle, the kagan, met his death. First I erected balbals (for him) beginning from Kirgiz kagan's. Tengri, which had raised my father, the kagan,
21

ögüm qatunïγ : kötürіgme : Teŋіri : Еl bеrigme : Teŋіri : Türük : budun : atï küsü : yoq bolmazun : tijin : özümüz : ol Teŋіri : qaγan : olurtadï erinč : neŋ yïlïsïγ : budunta : üze : olurmadïm : ičre ačsïz : tïšra : tonsuz : yabïz yablaq : budunta : (üze : olurtum : inim Kül) tegin eki šad : birle : sözlešdimiz : аqaŋïmïz :

my mother, the katun, and which had granted them a state, For the name and fame of the Turkish people would not perish, (that Tengri) enthroned (me). I did not become ruler of wealthy and prosperous people at all; (on the contrary,) I became a ruler of poor and miserable people, who were food-less inside and cloth-less outside. I and Kultegin, my younger brother, consulted together. For the name and fame of people, which our father
22

ečümüz : qazγanmïš : budun : atï küsü : yoq bolmazun : tijin : Türük : budun : üčün : tün udïmadïm : küntüz : olurmadïm : іnim : Kül/tegin/ birle : ölü jitü : qazγandïm : anča qazγanïp : bіrіki : budunïγ : ot sub qïlmadïm : /men... / Jersayu : barmïš : budun : ölü jitü : /yadaγan : yalïŋïn : yana/

and uncle had ruled, would not perish, and for the sake of Turkish people, I did not sleep at night and I did not relax by day. Together with my younger brother, Kultegin, I worked to death and I won. Having won and gathered in that way, I did not let people split into two parts like fire and water…People, wondered over the countries, vagrant people came back utterly exhausted, without horses and without clothes came back.
23

kelti : budunïγ : igіdejin tijin : jїrїγaru : Oγuz : budun : tapa : ilgerü : Qïtan : Tatabï : budun tapa : bergerü : Tabγač : tapa : eki jegirmi : süledim : /süŋüš/ süŋüšdüm : аnta kisre : Teŋіri : yarïlqaduq : üčün : qutum : ülügüm : bar üčün : ölüteči : budunïγ : tirigerü : igitim : yalaŋ budunïγ : tonlïγ : qïltïmčïγaň : budunïγ : bay qïltïm :

In order to nourish people, I, with great armies, went on campaigns twelve times, northwards against Oguz people, eastwards against the Qitan and Tatabi, southwards against Chinese, and I fought twelve times. After (that), since I had fortune and since I had good luck – my Tengri was gracious! – I brought people to life, who were going to perish. I dressed naked people with clothes and I made poor people rich
24

az budunïγ : üküš qïltïm : ïγar : Еlligde : ïγar qaγanlïγda : jeg qïltïm : törüt buluŋdaqï : budunïγ : qop baz qïltïm : jaγsïz : qïltïm : qop : maŋa : ükü еrtі : yeti jegirmi : yašïma : Taŋut171 : tapa : süledim : Taŋut : budunïγ : bozdïm : oγulïn : yotïzïn : yïlqïsïn : barïmïn : anta altïm : sekiz jegirmi : yašïma : Altï Čub ...

and few people numerous. I made them superior than people, who had great states and (respectful rulers). I made all people living in four parts of the world subjected to me. There was no enemy left. Many of them subjected to me. When I was seventeen years old I went on campaign to Tanguts and conquered them. I took their sons, wives, horses. When I was eighteen, I went on campaign to Alty Chub…
25

tapa : süledim : budunïγ : anta bozdïm : Tabγač On Tutuq : bes tümen : sü kelti : Ïduq : bašda : süŋüšdimiz : ol süg : anta yoq qïšdïmïz : yegirmi : yašïma : Basmïl ïduq at : oγušum : budun : erti : arqïš ïdmaz : tejin : süledim : q ...ičgertim : qalïŋ ebrü kelürtim : eki otuz : yašïma : Tabγač :

and subdued them. Chinese Ong-Tutuk attacked us with fifty thousand’s army. We fought at Iduk. I bit the army then. When I was twenty, our subjected people did not send a caravan. I went with war to them… conquered and made them come. When I was twenty two I went with war to Tabgach (China)
26

tapa : süledim : Čača Seŋün : sekiz : tümen : sü birle : süŋüšdim : süsin : anta : ölürtim : altï otuz : yašïma : Ček budun : Qïrqïz : birle : yaγï boltï : Kem keče : süledim : Ček tapa : süledim : Őrpünte : süŋüšdimiz : süsin : sančdïm : Az ...m...yeti : otuz : yašïma : Qïrqïz : tapa : süledim : süŋük batamï :

I fought with eight thousand’s army of Chacha sengun. I won them. When I was twenty six, Cheques together with Kyrkyz attacked us. I fought with them crossing the Kem river. Fought at Chek. Fought in Urpent. When I was twenty seven, I went against Kyrkyz. Going through the lance- deep
27

qarïγ : süküpen : Kögmen : Jïšïγ : toγa : yorïp : Qïrγïz : budunïγ : uda : basdïm : qaγanïn : birle : Suŋa jïšda : süŋüšdüm : qaγanïn : öltürtim : Elin : anta altïm : ol jïlqa : Türügeš : tapa : Altun Jïšïγ : aša : Ertis : ügüzüg : keče : yoru/dum : Türügeš : budunïγ : / uda : basdïm : Türügeš : qaγan : süsi : otča borča : kelti :

snow we went round the Kegmen mountains and attacked the Kyrkyz. We fought in the Sungamountains with their kagan. I subdued them then. I went on campaign towards Turgesh, going through the Gold mountains, crossing the Irtysh river. I took the Turgesh people. The army of Turgesh kagan fought like fire.
28

Bolčuda : süŋüšdümiz : qaγanïn : yabγusïn : šadïn : anta ölürtim : elin : anta altïm : otuz yašïma : Besbalïq : tapa : süledim : аltï yolï süŋüšdüm : ... süsin : qop : ölürtim : anta : ičreki ne : kišitin : ... k : yoq boltačï : erti : ...kiši... : uqγalï : kelti : basdïm : Besbalïq : anï üčün : ozdï : otuz artuqï :

Fought in Bolchu. I killed then their kagan, yabgu and shads. Conquered their nation. When I was thirty went with war to Beshbalyk. There were only six battles. We killed a lot of their warrious. A man came from the city then. That is why I captured Beshbalyk. When I was thirty one,
29

bir yašïma : Qarluq : budun : buŋsïz erür : barur : erikli : yaγï boltï : Tamaγ ïduq : bašda : süŋüšdüm : Qarluq : budunïγ : ölürtim : anta altïm : ...dïm : Basmïl : ...edü...Qarluq : budun : tеrilip : kelti : ...sančdïm : ölürtim : Toγuz Оγuz : meniŋ : budunïm : erti : Тeŋiri : Jer : bulγaqïn : üčün : ödiŋ.....

My subjected Karluks became my enemies. I fought with them at Tamag. I killed a lot of Karluks then and captured them. Basmyl … kind… Karluks gathered and resisted. … thrusted, killed. Nine Oguzes were my people. As Tengri and the earth came to disorder,
30

кöni : tegdük : üčün : yaγï boltï : bir jïlqa : törüt : yolï : süŋüšdüm : eŋ ilki : Toγu Balïqda : süŋüšdüm : Toγula : ügüzüg : jüzti : kečip : sü kelti : ekinti : Antarγuda : süŋüšdüm : süsi : sančdïm : ...üčünči : ... süŋüšdüm : Türük : budun : Аdaq Qamïšdï : yablaq :

They rose against us. We fought four times a year. First we fought in town Togu. Having crossed the Togula river the army attacked. The second time I fought in Antargu. Bit their army. And fought the third time. In Adak Kamysh the Turkic people had deteriorated.
31

boltačï erti üze : yaŋï : keligme : süsin : aγïtïm : üküš ölti : anta terilip : anta : Toŋïra : Jïlpaγït : bir : oγušuγ : Toŋa : tegin : yoγun...egere : toqïdïm : törütünč : Ezgenti : Qadïzda : süŋüšdüm : süsin anta : sančdïm : yabrïtdïm : ...barïmï...ma...Maγï Qurγan : qïšladuqda : yut : boltï : yazïŋa :

then I overthrew their forward position. Many were killed. I surrounded and killed ten brave soldiers of Tongra Yialpagut tribe on Ton tegin funerals. There was starvation in Magy Korgan in winter. In spring
32

Oγuz tapa : süledim : ilki sü : tašqïmïš : erti : ekin sü : ebde : erti : Üč Oγuz : süsi : basa : kelti : yadaγ : yabïz : boltï : tep : alγalï : kelti : sïŋar süsi : ebig barïqïγ : yolγalï : bardï : sïŋar süsi : süŋüšgeli : kelti : biz : az ertimiz : yabïz : ertimiz : Oγuz ... : yaγ...küč bertük : üčün : anta sančïdïm :

we had hardly spent winter, were weak and wanted to capture us. Half of their army attacked us to destroy our houses, buildings, another half of the army fought with our army. We were few and weak. Our enemies Oguzes… gave us strength and I fought.
33

yaňdïm : Teŋiri : yarïlqaduq üčün : men qazγanduq : üčün : Türük : budun : ...mïš erinč : men inilegü : bunča : bašlayu : qazγanmadïn : Türük : budun : ölteči : erti : yoq : boltačï : erti : ...begler : saqïnïŋ : anča biliŋ : Oγuz budun : ...d : ïdmayun : tejin : süledim :

I bit them. With Tengri’s bless and thank to my ruling the Turkic people… if I together with my younger brothers did not rule the country, the Turkic people would be abolished…beks, you should know, Oguz people… fought
34

ebin : barïqïn : buzdïm : Oγuz budun : Toγuz Tatar : birle : tirilip : kelti : Aγuda : eki uluγ : süŋüšdüm : süsin : buzdïm : Elin : anta altïm : anča qazγanïp : ... : /Teŋiri/yarïlqaduq : üčün : /men/otuz artuqï : üč yašïma : ...yoq erti : ödseg : ütüleg : küč :

Destroyed their houses and buildings. Oguz people in alliance with Nine Tatars attacked us. I fought with them in Aguda two times. Won their army. Captured their country. Established there my institution. With Tengri’s bless, in thirty three years old… I was not…
35

igidemiš : /qaγan : /yaŋïltï üze : Teŋiri : ïduq : Jer sub /asra/qaγan : qutï : tapïqlamadï erinč : Toquz : Oγuz : budun : jerin : subïn : ïdïp : Tabγačγaru : bardï : Tabγač : budun : bu jerde : kelti : igidejin : tejin : ... budunïγ :

Having gathered his force the Kagan was mistaken. Tengri above, below the sacred water did not curse the kagan. The people of Nine Oguzes moved to China. Tabgach (Chinese) people…
36

yazïqlatï : ...berije : Tabγačda : atï küsi : yoq boltï : bu jerde : maŋa : qur ? boltï : men özüm : qaγan : olurtïqïm : üčün : Türük : budunïγ : ....qïlmadïm : ... : jerde : qazγantïm : Ï /dï bašda/ : tirilip : je...

In China in the east they lost their names. And this land belonged to me. Due to my being a kagan I did not… Turkic people. I ruled… at Idi gathered…
37

.. /süŋ/üšdüm : süsin : sančïdïm : ičikgime : ičikdi : budun : boltï : ölügme : ölti : Seleŋe : qodï yorïpan : Qarаγan : qïšlata : biz : barïqïn : anta buzdïm : .....jïšqa : аγdï : Uyγar Elteber : yüzče erin : ilger....te...

…fought. Bit their army. Those who gave up, joined me, became my nation. Those who had died – died. Having crossed through Selenga, after winter in Karagan, we destroyed their buildings… retreated… Uigur Elteber sent about hundred army to the east…
38

....Türük : budun : ač erti : ol jïlqïγ : alïp egitim : otuz artuqï : törüt : yašïma : Oγuz : tezip : Tabγačqa : kirti : ökünüp : süledim : suqïn : ...oγulïn : yotuzïn : anta altïm : eki Elteberig : budun : ...

…turkic people starved. I killed those horses. In thirty three years old, Oguzes surrendered to Tabgaches (Chinese). I fought with sorrow. I took then sons, wives. People of two Eltebers…
39

..../Tatab/ï : budun : Tabγač qaγanqa : körti : yalbačï edgü : sabï : ötügi : kelmez tejin : yayan süledim : budunïγ : anta buzdïm : jïlq...süsi : terilip : kelti : Qadïrqan Jïšda : qu....

…the people of Tatabi surrendered to Tabgach (Chinese) kagan. As they were weak I sent foot troops to them. I conquered the nation then. They gathered and attacked Kadyrkhan common people…
40

.....γaqïŋa : subïŋaru : qontï : berije : Qarluq : budun tapa : süle : tep : Tudun : Yamtarïγ : ïtïm bardï : .....Elteber : yoq bolmiš : inisi : bir : qurïγa...

… they had settled at rivers. Karluk people in the east sent Tudun Yatmar to war… Elteber was overthrew. His younger brother…
41

.....arqïšï : kelmedi : anï anča tuyun : tep : süledim : qurïγaru : eki üč kišiligin : tezip bardï : qara budun : qaγanïγ : kelti tep : ög.....qa : at bertim : kečig atlïγ : ...

… did not reach caravan. I attacked them to capture… as the kagan had came, the common people… I gave a horse…
The Bilge Kagan inscription. 1st side.
1

...öŋüg : yoγuru : sü yorïp : tünli : künli : jeti : ödüške : subsïz : kečtim : Čuruqqa : tegip : yoluγ...

…days and nights seven days without water went on campaign to Churuk…
2

...γač : atlïγ : süsi : bir tümen : artuqï : jeti biŋ : süg : ilki : kün : ölürtim : yadaγ : süsin : ekinti kün : qop...

.. the first day bit Tabgach (Chinese) seventeen thousands cavalry army. The second day their foot troops.
3

...ulï : süledim : otuz artuqï : sekiz : yašïma : qïšïn : Qïtaŋ tapa : süledi : ...

…fought. When I was thirty eight fought with Kitans in winter…
4

men...ölürtim : oγulïn : yotuzïn : jïlqïsïn : barïmïn : ...

I …killed everybody: children, wives, horses…
5

budun...

People…
6

yor...

...
7

süŋü... üčün :

war …for
8

bertim : alïp erin : balbal : qïlu : bertim : elig : yašïma : Tatabï : budun : Qïtaŋda : аdïrïl...

Gave away. Established balbals for the great soldier. To my fifty years old, Tatabi people in Kitan…
9

Uquγ Seŋün : bašda : törüt : tümen : sü kelti : Tüŋker : taγda : tegip : toqïdtïm : üč tümen : süg : .......

Ukug sengun attacked with four thousands army. I stopped them in the Tunker mountains. Three thousand troops…
10

ölürti : uluγ : oγulïm : aγïrïp : yoq bolča : Uquγ Seŋünig : balbal : tike : bertim : men : toquz : jegirmi : yašïma : olurtïm : toquz jegirmi : jïl : qaγan : olurtïm : El tutdïm : otuz artuqï : bir : yašïma : ......

Were killed. The eldest son got ill and died. I established balbals for Ukug sengun. In my nineteen I became a kagan. Nineteen years I was the kagan and ruled the country. When I was thirtyone years old…
11

Türüküme : budunuma : jegin : anča qazγanu : bertim : bunča : qazγanup : aqaŋïm qaγan : it jïl : onunč ay : altï otuzqa : uča : bardï : laγzïn : jïl : birinči ay : jeti : otuzqa : yoγ : ertürtim : Buquγ Tutuq : ...

I gathered my Turks, my nation and established the power. After establishing the power, my father, the kagan, died ( litr. flied away) on the twenty sixth day of the tenth month of the Dog year. On the seventeenth day of the first month of the Boar year we mourned over Bukug Tutuk…
12

аqaŋï : Li sün : Tay Seŋün : bašda : bes yüz erin : kelti : uquqluq : ö...altun : kümüs : kergeksiz : kelürti : yoγ : yïparïγ : kelürip : tike : berti : čïntan : ïγač : kelürip :

öz yarïš...

Led by father Li Sun Tai sengun five hundred soldiers came. They brought …endless amount of gold, silver. (A huge amount of) people mourned , were bringing trees of veneration…
13

bunča : budun : sačïn : qulaqqïn : yaŋa/qïn/ : …/bï/čdï : edgü özlük atïn : qara : kišin : kök : tejeŋin : sansïz : qop : qutï...

All people cut their hair, ears, faces. Good horses, black?, blue squirrels? Huge amount…
14

Teŋіriteg : Тeŋiri : yaratmïš : Türük : Bilge : qaγan : sabїm : aqanїm : Türük : Bilge : /qaγan : / olurtuqïnta : Türük : їmtї : begler : kisre : Tarduš : begler :

Kül čur : bašlayu : Šad apït : begler : öŋre : Töles : begler : Apa Tarqan : ...

I, Tengri- llike and Tengri born Bilge kagan Turkic. Hear my words. When my father, Bilge kagan Turkic, ruled, you, supreme Turk beks, lower Tardush beks, Shad – apyt beks led by Kul Chur, the rest Tyules beks, Apa Tarkhan…
15

bašlayu : ulayu : Šad apït : begler : Buyruq...Taman Tarqan : Tunjuquq : Boyla Baγa Tarqan : ulayu : Buyruq ...Ič Buyruq : Sebeg Kül Erkin : bašlayu : ulayu : Buyruq : bunča : ïmtï : begler : aqaŋïm : ertüŋü : ...

Led by Shad – Apyt beks, Bairuks… Tamgan Tarkhan, Tonyukuk, Boila Baga Tarkhan, Buyruqs…, Inner Buyruqs, led by Sebek Kul Erkin, all Buyruq beks! My father…
16

ertüŋü : eti ïmаγ : ...Türük : beglerin : budunïn : ertüŋü : eti ïmаγ itdi : ügde : aqaŋï qaγan : ...ča : aγïr : tašïn : yoγïnïγ : Türük : begler : budun : iti : ...erti : özime : bunča : ...

Expressed special praise…special praise was expressed to Turkic beks and people… my father, the kagan,… heavy stone… Turkic beks and people were in mourning… I was so…
17

...qaγan : ...Yoluγtegin : bitidim : bunča : barïqïγ : bedizig : uzuγ : ...qaγan : atïsï : Yoluγtegin : men : ay artuqï : törüt kün : olurïp : bitidim : bedizti :

…kagan… I, ( prince) Yollugtegin, had written. So many buildings and sculptures… I, (prince) Yollugtegin, had written having sat one month and four days.
The Bilge Kagan inscription. 2nd side.
1

Teŋіriteg : Тeŋiride : bolmuš : Türük : Bilge qaγan : bödüke : olurtum : sabїmїn : tüküti : esid : ulayu : inijügünüm : oγlanїm : biriki : oγušum : / budunum : birije : šad apїt begler : jїrїya : tarqat : bujruq : begler : Otuz ... Toquz Oγuz : begleri budunї : bu sabїmїn : edgüti : esid : qatїγdї : tїŋla : ilgerü : kün : /

I, Tengri-like and Tengri- born Turkic kagan mounted the throne. Hear my words you all, my younger brothers and my sons, my people and relatives, my nation, shad- apyt beks in the south, tarkan and buyruq beks in the north, Thirty (Tatars?), Beks and the people of Nine Oguzes! Hear my words and listen! All people after me in the east to sunrise,
2

toγusїqїŋa : birgerü : kün : ortusїŋaru : qurїγaru : kün : batїsїqїna : jїrїγaru : tün : ortusїŋaru : аnta : ičreki : budun : qop : maŋa : ükü erür erti : anča : budun qop : etdim : ulamtї : aňїγ yoq : Türük : budun : Őtüken : yїš : olursar : elte : buŋ yoq : іlgerü : Šantuŋ : yazїqa tegi : süledim : Taluyqa : kičig : tegmedim : birgerü : Toquz : /

In the south to the midday,in the west to the sunset, in the north to the midnight (listen to it)! I made you more. Therу are no falseness in these words. If kagan from the Otuken mountain rules the Turks there will not be troubles in the country. I went with my army in the east to Shandun plain. I nearly reached the sea. I went with my army in the south to Tokuz -
3

Ersenke : tegi : süledim : Tüpütke : kičig : tegmedim : qurїγaru : Jenčü ügüz : keče : Temir Qapїγqa : tegi : süledim : jїrїγaru : Jer Bayїrqu : jeriŋe : tegi : süledim :

bunča : jerke : tegi : yorutdїm : Őtüken : yїšda : jeg : їdї yoq : ermi : El tutsar : jer : Őtüken : yїš ermiš : bu jerde : olurupan : Tabγač : budun : birle :

tüzeltim : аltun : kümüš : is /igti :

Fought till Ersen. Nearly reached Tibet. In the west having crossed through the Pearl river (Syrdariya), I passed with my army to Iron Gates. To the north I passed with the army to Bairku land. I passed with my army to all these places. To the grief of Otuken there was no a good ruler.The place where it is possible to rule the country is the Otuken mountain. Sitting here I ruled Tabgach (Chinese) people. Tabgach (China) gave us a lot of gold, silver, alcohol
4

qutuy : buŋsuz : anča berür : Tabγač : budun : sabї süčig : aγїsї : jїmšaq : ermiš : süčig : sabїn : jїmšaq : aγїn : arїp : їraq : budunїγ : anča yaγutї er : ermiš :

yaγuru : qontuqda : isire : aňїγ bilgin anta üjür : ermis : еdgü : bilge : kišig : edgü : alїp : кišig : jorutmaz : ermis : bir кiši : yaŋїlsar : oγušї : budunї : besükiŋe : tegi : uqїdmаz :

and silk. Tabgaches (Chinese) have sweet words and soft silk. Deceiving by their sweet words and soft silk they attract people from far places. As soon as people approach them they stupefy them more. They do not allow wise and good man to approach them. They destroy beginning with one person to the whole family and clan.
5

ermis : süčig : sabїŋa : jїmšaq : aγїsїŋa : аrturїp : üküš : Türük : budun : ölteg : Türük : budun : ölsekiŋ : berje : Čuγay : Yїš : Тügeltin : yazї : qonuyїn tеser : Türük : budun : ölsekiginte : аňїγ kiši : anča : bošγurur : ermis : їraq erser : yablaq : aγї berür : yaγїl : erser : edgü : aγї berür : tep anča : bošγurur : ermis : bilig :

Being deceived by their sweet words and soft silk, you Turkic people, were dieing. Turkic people intended to settle down in the Chugai mountains in Tugeltin plain in the south. They brought the Turkic people to death by deceiving. They deceived them that would they give bad silk if they lived far from them and would give good silk if they lived near.
6

bilmez : kiši : ol sabïγ : alïp : yaγïru : barïp : üküš kiši : ölteg : оl jergerü : barsar : Türük : budun : öltečisеn : Ötüken : jer : olurup : аrqïš : tirkiš : ïsar : neŋ buŋïγ yoq : Ötüken : Yïš : olursar : beŋgü : el tuta : olurtačïsïn : Türük : budun : toq аrïqqasïn : аčsïq : tosïq ümüzsen : bіr : tоdsar : аčsïq : ümüzsen : antaγïŋïn : üčün : іgіdmiš : qaγanŋïn :

Ignorant people followed these words, came near and all died. If you go to those places, oh, Turkic people, you would die! If you stay in Otuken land, and send caravans from there, you will not have any troubles. If you stay in Otuken mountains you will live, ruling other nations forever! Oh, Turkic people, you are so full. You do not think of hunger and abundance. Having been full once you never think of being hungry. Because of your frivolity and your disobedience to your kagan,
7

sabïn : almatïn : Jer sayu : bardïq : qop anta : alqïntïγ : arïltïγ : anta qalmïšï : Jer : sayu qop : turu : ölü : yorïyor erteg : Teŋіri : yarïlqadïqïn : üčün : özüm : qutum : bar üčün : qaγan : olurtum : qaγan : olurup : yoq : čïγaŋ : budunïg : qop : qubartïdïm : čïγaŋ : budunïγ : bay qïltïm : ne budunïγ : üküš : qïltïm : azu bu

who nourished you, you all took a run. We (Turks) became weak. He who survived was extremely exhausted. But Tengri was gracious and mounted me to the throne. Inheriting the throne I helped poor and deprived people. I made poor people rich and few people numerous.
8

sabïmdï : іgіd barγu : Тürük : begler : budun : bunï : esidiŋ : Тürük budunïγ terip : el tutsaqïŋïn : bunta : urtum : yaŋïlïp : ölsekiŋin : yeme : bunta : urtum : neŋ neŋ : sabïm : erser : beŋgü : tašqa : urtum : aŋar körü : biliŋ : Тürük amtï : budun : begler : bödüke : körügme : begler gü : yaŋïltïčïsïn : men : b/eŋgü : tašqa : urtum : /

My word is blessed. О Turkish lords and people, hear this! In order to join together all Turkish people and direct our country, I left the stone inscription. For you not to be deceived and destroyed I have inscribed on this eternal stone. Read these words! You, Turkish people and lords! I wrote these eternal stones together with the lords who had already been deceived.
9

qaγan : ečim qaγan : olurtïqunta : törüt : buluŋdaqï : budunïγ : bunča : itmis : bunča : yaratmïš : Teŋiri : yarïlqaduq : üčün : özüm : qaγan : olurtuqïma : törüt : buluŋdaqï : itdim : yaratdïm : ...qïltïm : men : Türügeš : qaγanqa : qïzïmïn : bertim : erteŋü : uluγ : törün : alï bertim : Türü...

When my father ruled we conquered the people in all four parts of the world, made them numerous. With Tengri’s bless, when I became the kagan I conquered more people in all four parts of the world, made the more numerous, established law and power. Turkic…
10

qïzïn : erteŋü : uluγ : törün : oγulïma : alï bertim : T...erteŋü : uluγ : törün : alï bertim : ...ertürtimi...bašlïγïγ : jöküntürtim : tizеligig : sökürtim : üze : Teŋiri : asïra : Jer : yarïlqaduq : üčün :

Married to the daughter and gave the power to my son. … gave the power… those who had knees made genuflect their knees and who had heads - bow them. With the blessing of Tengri above and the Earth below,
11

közün : körmedük : qulaqqïn : esidmedük : budunmïn : ilgerü kün : toγsïqïŋa : ...birgerü : Tab...qa...qurïγaru : ...jïrγaru : ......tïn : örüŋ kümüšin : qïraγï aγïlï : qutayïn : ekinlik : isigtisin : özlek : atïn : adγïrïn : qara kišin : ...

My blind and deaf nation in the east Tab… silver, silk, vegetables, vodka, horses, servants…
12

kök : teyiŋin : Türüküme : budunïma : qazγanu : bertim : iti bertim...buŋsïz : qïltïm : üze Teŋiri : eriklig : .....bud...tümen : ...rin : budu...

Gave the blue squirrels to my Turkic people… left without grief. Above is Tengri,…
13

...ma : egidiŋ : emgetimiŋ : tolγatmaŋ : olurtum : Türük : begler : Türük : budunum : ...bertim : ...tašïγ...qazγanmïš : aγïman : bu qaγanïŋda : beglerig...Türük...

…bless. Turkic beks, Turkic people were without sufferings and grieves… I gave … ruled and became rich. Kagans and beks …
14

meni : edgü : körtečisin : ebiŋe : kirtečisin : buŋsuz : boltačïsïn : ......kisre : Tabγač : qaγanta : bedizči : kelürtim : ...sabïmï : sïmadï : ...ičreki : bedizčig : ïtï : aŋar : tašïγ : barïqïn : yaratdïm : ičin : tïšïn : adïnčïγ : barïq : urturdïm : ...

Admit me in the honor of… Enter your house, do not be sad… from the south I got Tabgach (Chinese) kagan’s clerk. … the clerks of the palace made stone buildings and inside and outside were beautifully decorated…
15

On oq : oγulïŋa : tatïŋa : tegi : bunï : körü : biliŋ : taš : toqïtdïm : .....jertr...

From sons of Ten Arrows to wives, see this. Erected stone inscriptions…
The Bilge Kagan inscription. Chinese text side.
1

...öze ...

… in the top…
2

Bilge qaγan : ...

Bilge kagan…
3

yay bolsar : ....

When summer has come…
4

Ük öbürgesi : erteči : ....

...
5

taγda : sïγun : teser : ...

If they say to pray in the mountains…
6

saqunurmïn : aqaŋïm : ...

Will miss. Farther…
7

tašïn : özüm : qaγan : ....

Stone, I myself, kagan…
The basic idea of creating the electronic historical and cultural fund was based on issue of The Oriental Studies Section of The Institute of Oriental Studies named after Suleimenov in 2005 under the govermental program "Cultural Heritage": "Қазақстан тарихы туралы түркі деректемелері" сериясының 2-томы Н.Базылхан "Көне түрік бітіктастары мен ескерткіштері (Орхон, Енисей, Талас)" Алматы: Дайк-Пресс. 2005, 252 б. +144 бет жапсырма.
Chief Editors:
doctor of history sciences Prof. M.Abuseitova
doctor of philology sciences Prof. B.Bukhatuly.
We appreciate The Director of The Institute of Oriental Studies Meruert Abuseitova for her help.


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